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SQL (Structured Query Language) is a domain-specific language used for managing relational databases. It is used to insert, update, and retrieve data stored in a database, as well as to manage database schema, users, and permissions.

SQL is the standard language for interacting with relational databases, and it is supported by most popular relational database management systems, such as MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, and PostgreSQL. SQL is a declarative language, meaning that you specify what data you want to retrieve or manipulate, and the database management system figures out how to do it efficiently.

SQL is widely used for data analysis, business intelligence, and for managing large amounts of structured data in a reliable and scalable manner. SQL is also commonly used in web development as a means of storing and retrieving data for dynamic web applications.

SQL is a standard language, but there are several different dialects or variations of SQL that are used by different relational database management systems (RDBMS). Some of the most common dialects of SQL include:

• ANSI SQL: Also known as SQL-92, this is the standard version of SQL as defined by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Most modern RDBMS support this standard.
• MySQL: This is the dialect used by the popular open-source MySQL database management system.
• Microsoft SQL Server: This is the dialect used by the Microsoft SQL Server RDBMS.
• Oracle: This is the dialect used by the Oracle Database management system.
• PostgreSQL: This is the dialect used by the open-source PostgreSQL database management system.

Each dialect may have its own specific syntax and features, but they all conform to the basic structure and principles of the SQL language. When writing SQL code, it's important to ensure that it is compatible with the dialect used by the RDBMS you are working with.